The Clae team has produced this small handbook for the potter ready to start  exploring glaze and developing their own glaze palette.
It is packed with easy to read information about glaze, glaze testing, and glaze application, and has an extensive glossary with all those glazing terms you are not sure about.
This book is designed as a glaze learning programme that you can work through at your own pace, and had lots of space for note-taking and results recording.
 
If you are interested in the small handbook, you might also consider the Glaze Box, a kitset which has handbook as well as glaze materials and glazing tools.